A case of anterior tibial compartment syndrome causing by a ganglion cyst of the proximal tibio-fibular joint is reported. There are many reports of compression of the common peroneal nerve by ganglion cysts, but they have been rarely reported as a cause of compartment syndrome, perhaps because the entirely clinical case was imputed to neurological compression. In this mixed cases it might be taken into account the compartmental component, which early diagnosis is difficult and could have far-reaching implications for further clinical results.

A case of anterior tibial compartment syndrome causing by a ganglion cyst of the proximal tibio-fibular joint is reported. There are many reports of compression of the common peroneal nerve by ganglion cysts, but they have been rarely reported as a cause of compartment syndrome, perhaps because the entirely clinical case was imputed to neurological compression. In this mixed cases it might be taken into account the compartmental component, which early diagnosis is difficult and could have far-reaching implications for further clinical results.